Ingredient type

Superfoods

Nutrient-dense foods such as spirulina, chlorella and moringa sold in concentrated form. Nutritious, but marketing often overstates the effects.

Red raspberries being picked by hand in a berry field (AI-generated illustration) Raspberry

Evidence: Preliminary

Red raspberry is a fiber and polyphenol rich berry. Early research looks at blood sugar and metabolic markers, but human trials are few, and there are...

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Red goji berries being picked by hand from shrubs in Ningxia, China (AI-generated illustration) Goji Berry

Evidence: Preliminary

Goji berries are rich in polysaccharides and zeaxanthin. Small trials suggest benefits for eye pigment and self-rated well-being, but there is no good...

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Wakame seaweed being harvested from ropes on a seaweed farm (AI-generated illustration) Wakame

Evidence: Preliminary

Wakame is a brown seaweed common in miso soup. It contains iodine, fucoidan and fucoxanthin, but human trials are few and none look at prostate or bla...

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Long kelp fronds being hauled aboard a small boat on a kelp farm (AI-generated illustration) Kelp

Evidence: Preliminary

Kelp is a brown seaweed and one of the richest natural sources of iodine. It has no proven prostate benefit, and concentrated kelp supplements have be...

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Bladderwrack seaweed being hand-harvested on a rocky North Atlantic shore at low tide (AI-generated illustration) Bladderwrack

Evidence: Preliminary

Bladderwrack is a brown seaweed rich in iodine, fucoidan and polyphenols. Its name refers to its air bladders, not to any proven benefit for the human...

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Nori seaweed growing on nets on a coastal seaweed farm, being harvested from a boat (AI-generated illustration) Nori

Evidence: Preliminary

Nori is the red seaweed used to wrap sushi. It supplies iodine, protein, minerals and pigments, but there are no human studies of nori for prostate or...

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Red beetroots being pulled from the soil by hand on a vegetable farm (AI-generated illustration) Beet root

Evidence: Moderate

Beetroot is a vegetable rich in dietary nitrate. Beetroot juice modestly lowers blood pressure in trials, but small amounts of beet powder in capsules...

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Ripe purple plums being harvested in an orchard (AI-generated illustration) Prune powder

Evidence: Moderate

Prunes are dried plums rich in fiber and sorbitol. Randomized trials show whole prunes can increase stool weight and frequency, but they used servings...

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Bright green chlorella microalgae growing inside clear glass photobioreactor tubes (AI-generated illustration) Chlorella

Evidence: Limited

Chlorella is a nutrient-rich freshwater green alga. Meta-analyses suggest modest benefits for cholesterol and blood pressure at gram-level doses, but ...

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